WEBVTT 00:00.000 --> 00:16.000 So, hello everybody, I'm talking about Doc, a canoe arc, and like it says we're extending it 00:16.000 --> 00:18.000 really because we can. 00:18.000 --> 00:22.000 It's really looking at and say, do we need to? 00:22.000 --> 00:25.000 And the answer is, it doesn't matter. 00:25.000 --> 00:28.000 It's there, so we're going to go ahead and do it. 00:28.000 --> 00:37.000 So, just for a little bit of background, we have a short timeline of the sea standards, 00:37.000 --> 00:43.000 of the start of Unix and the start of time in 1970, which was in assembly and then it's 00:43.000 --> 00:44.000 which to see. 00:44.000 --> 00:52.000 In 1978, KNRC was as established as it was with the sea programming language book. 00:53.000 --> 01:01.000 In 1989, we got an actual MCC with the C89 flag, and then we've a couple other ones, 01:01.000 --> 01:03.000 every couple years. 01:03.000 --> 01:11.000 You know, new things that get added, that make things, that, you know, everything works better. 01:11.000 --> 01:12.000 Things are more defined. 01:12.000 --> 01:16.000 There's a lot less undefined behavior going on. 01:17.000 --> 01:19.000 Compare that with a short timeline of arc. 01:19.000 --> 01:24.000 It appeared in 1977, in 1988, dish. 01:24.000 --> 01:26.000 It'll hold bunch of things. 01:26.000 --> 01:32.000 Unix system 5 came out with a new arc version, and the second arc book. 01:32.000 --> 01:37.000 Apparently it's about the same time for the first release of canoe arc. 01:37.000 --> 01:43.000 And then 40-ish years later, we got the second arc programming language book. 01:43.000 --> 01:52.000 So, looking at a short overlap of the two, we have Unix's rewritten in C. 01:52.000 --> 01:54.000 We got arc. 01:54.000 --> 02:06.000 See, we got KNRC, got the new arc, got MCC, and I've been told we're here in 2025 now. 02:07.000 --> 02:13.000 So, really, when you're looking at arc, you're also looking backwards in time back at KNRC, 02:13.000 --> 02:17.000 and you end up with a lot of things that just look at and say, 02:17.000 --> 02:22.000 and who thought that was a good idea? 02:22.000 --> 02:26.000 So, I guess a little bit about me before I move on. 02:27.000 --> 02:31.000 I was at I did. 02:31.000 --> 02:36.000 It's the first programming language that, I mean, other than basic and key basic, 02:36.000 --> 02:41.000 that stuck with me was I did a C and C plus plus class in the early 2000s, 02:41.000 --> 02:50.000 and then comparing that back with the C timeline, you know, looking at C99 or so, 02:51.000 --> 02:54.000 wasn't that much. 02:54.000 --> 02:59.000 There were newer things, but that's, you end up being a, 02:59.000 --> 03:03.000 I always thought of it as my happy place, and playing with arc, 03:03.000 --> 03:05.000 really, I wasn't so happy after all with that, 03:05.000 --> 03:10.000 but it's, you know, it's about where I fell back to, 03:10.000 --> 03:15.000 normally, to this part of why I ended up trying to do this. 03:15.000 --> 03:20.000 So with arc, you end up with a collection of pattern action pairs, 03:20.000 --> 03:26.000 you have a condition and an action, and so a condition can be, 03:26.000 --> 03:30.000 and we'll go on to that afterwards, but there's a whole bunch of options for conditions, 03:30.000 --> 03:36.000 and action is whatever you want, you know, written in basically KNRC, 03:36.000 --> 03:41.000 and you can also run things before and after using a begin or end block, 03:42.000 --> 03:45.000 and as in KNRC, everything is optional. 03:45.000 --> 03:49.000 So you could have nothing, and that's a valid program, or just begin, 03:49.000 --> 03:56.000 or just end, or just the conditions, or just the actions. 03:56.000 --> 03:59.000 So other than the begin and end, we can have one of each, 03:59.000 --> 04:03.000 the different patterns are expressions or regular expressions, 04:03.000 --> 04:07.000 I can combine them together with hands or ears, 04:07.000 --> 04:12.000 you can have ranges in the patterns, you get all sorts, 04:12.000 --> 04:16.000 you get some options with all of those. 04:16.000 --> 04:18.000 So, ready with this one. 04:18.000 --> 04:23.000 This one I was looking for the word, the. 04:23.000 --> 04:27.000 So it just begins with prints, you know, 04:27.000 --> 04:30.000 print the frequency of the word, the. 04:30.000 --> 04:35.000 So here we're searching for the, we have our regular expression with the T's, 04:35.000 --> 04:41.000 so we look for capital N lowercase ones here, line count. 04:41.000 --> 04:48.000 I'm not declaring line count, I'm not declaring what kind of that it's an integer. 04:48.000 --> 04:53.000 I use it, and it's brings into existence, it starts at zero. 04:53.000 --> 04:56.000 It's just there. 04:56.000 --> 05:00.000 This one here with I equals zero, that one actually, 05:00.000 --> 05:06.000 without that cycle through when you're checking here, 05:06.000 --> 05:08.000 NF is number field. 05:08.000 --> 05:10.000 So, for example, searching through here, 05:10.000 --> 05:13.000 the patterns and test uses rejects. 05:13.000 --> 05:17.000 That's five, but you've already searched everything in this line. 05:17.000 --> 05:20.000 So you're already at two, four, six, seven-ish. 05:20.000 --> 05:24.000 So you get here, you're at I equals eight, or so. 05:24.000 --> 05:26.000 You're not searching anything anymore. 05:26.000 --> 05:27.000 So you actually have to reset it. 05:27.000 --> 05:29.000 So you end up with a bunch of things where 05:29.000 --> 05:33.000 you can just say, it, you know, 05:33.000 --> 05:37.000 line count brings into existence when I, when I want it, 05:37.000 --> 05:39.000 but unless you actually initialize it, 05:39.000 --> 05:42.000 you end up with running into problems. 05:42.000 --> 05:44.000 Same thing with the semicolons at the end of line. 05:44.000 --> 05:47.000 You actually don't need them. 05:47.000 --> 05:54.000 So I don't know if anyone is actually counting the number of times that the occurred. 05:54.000 --> 05:59.000 So it looks like the occurred on two lines and five times. 05:59.000 --> 06:02.000 And then using prep dash C for the, 06:02.000 --> 06:05.000 prep degrees that it was on two different lines. 06:05.000 --> 06:06.000 So I'm not going to go back. 06:06.000 --> 06:08.000 I'm just going to assume that that was actually the case. 06:08.000 --> 06:13.000 I don't remember where it was with that. 06:13.000 --> 06:15.000 Fizz buzz. 06:15.000 --> 06:18.000 You know. 06:18.000 --> 06:20.000 I mean, like it says, you print fizz, 06:20.000 --> 06:23.000 if it's number of line, if it's divisible by three, 06:23.000 --> 06:27.000 buzz if it's divisible by five, both. 06:27.000 --> 06:31.000 If it's divisible by both of them. 06:31.000 --> 06:34.000 So no pattern. 06:34.000 --> 06:39.000 And so just go straight straight into the action here, 06:39.000 --> 06:44.000 between nine and 15 and NR is number of record. 06:44.000 --> 06:49.000 It counts how many basically how many lines you've gone through. 06:49.000 --> 06:51.000 So far while reading. 06:51.000 --> 06:56.000 So we just say if it's, if NR module of three is divisible by zero, 06:56.000 --> 07:02.000 if the remainder is zero, then add on fizz. 07:02.000 --> 07:07.000 If it's five add on buzz and then print the output line. 07:07.000 --> 07:13.000 And again back at 11, we reset it again to the line number with the space. 07:13.000 --> 07:16.000 So here there's no concatenating strings. 07:16.000 --> 07:20.000 We just have output equals output fizz or buzz. 07:20.000 --> 07:26.000 There's no plus, there's no dot, there's no concatenation. 07:26.000 --> 07:29.000 It's just, it's just there. 07:29.000 --> 07:31.000 You have a white space between it. 07:31.000 --> 07:35.000 And it gets merged in together. 07:35.000 --> 07:41.000 And you see that, it looks like it works. 07:41.000 --> 07:49.000 But yeah, so it's, you know, ended up looking at the manual constantly to figure out. 07:49.000 --> 07:53.000 How, how does this exactly work? 07:53.000 --> 07:57.000 So there are some built-in variables that you end up with. 07:57.000 --> 07:59.000 I don't think this was the full list. 07:59.000 --> 08:03.000 This was the list at least in the first off book. 08:03.000 --> 08:09.000 If number of records, file number of records was, 08:09.000 --> 08:13.000 this was if you were reading multiple files. 08:13.000 --> 08:17.000 Then if the first file had 100 records, the second file had 100 records, 08:17.000 --> 08:24.000 the third file of the second, the third record of the second file would have an FNR of 3, 08:24.000 --> 08:29.000 and an R of 103. 08:29.000 --> 08:37.000 Other ones, the number of fields, file name, field separator, and record separator. 08:37.000 --> 08:46.000 So using this as an example with the FS, there's an actual string for, 08:46.000 --> 08:50.000 you know, I guess, rejects for what the field separators are. 08:50.000 --> 08:55.000 But the space between the D and the S and field separator is a break. 08:55.000 --> 08:59.000 And between the FS and the field, all of that space counts as one break. 08:59.000 --> 09:04.000 So you don't end up with a problem like you would have split that with cut. 09:04.000 --> 09:08.000 We'd say, okay, let me count how many spaces there are between FS and field. 09:08.000 --> 09:11.000 You say, here's a white space. 09:11.000 --> 09:15.000 Plus, dash is one field, FS is one field, field is one field. 09:15.000 --> 09:19.000 Separator is one field. 09:19.000 --> 09:21.000 So you can go and change that to use commas. 09:21.000 --> 09:25.000 If you want it to use CSV or other things like that, 09:25.000 --> 09:28.000 record separator default is a new line. 09:28.000 --> 09:31.000 But you can actually set it to say two new lines. 09:31.000 --> 09:35.000 And then if you just have a paragraph of things, you can say, 09:35.000 --> 09:38.000 well, this four line segment is one record, 09:38.000 --> 09:44.000 and then you separate it differently, and you can parse addresses that way. 09:44.000 --> 09:50.000 And then you can also set the output field separator and stuff 09:50.000 --> 09:53.000 for actually printing at the end. 09:53.000 --> 09:57.000 You can make self-contained ox grips. 09:57.000 --> 10:02.000 Dash F, and we're actually using short flags because, you know, 10:02.000 --> 10:05.000 that's the way it is. 10:05.000 --> 10:09.000 And it really does just print itself. 10:09.000 --> 10:13.000 It seems like press the wrong direction. 10:13.000 --> 10:17.000 Then I guess in terms of actually extending it, there were a couple of ways. 10:17.000 --> 10:22.000 This one, we're switching the case letter by letter of the incoming text. 10:22.000 --> 10:26.000 So there is a two upper and two lower function. 10:26.000 --> 10:29.000 So I for the array, we're just, so we're splitting. 10:29.000 --> 10:32.000 $0 is the full incoming text. 10:32.000 --> 10:37.000 We're splitting it into the array, my input, and iterating through it. 10:37.000 --> 10:40.000 And if it's capital, make it lower case, if it's lower case, 10:40.000 --> 10:44.000 make it capital, printed out at the end. 10:44.000 --> 10:47.000 So here's the actual thought for thought. 10:47.000 --> 10:55.000 Here's the actual code for switching the cases. 10:55.000 --> 11:00.000 So comparing, so here come through 15, we say, 11:00.000 --> 11:04.000 we're checking, my input, we're checking, is it lower case, 11:04.000 --> 11:07.000 make it up for case, otherwise make it lower case. 11:07.000 --> 11:10.000 Here was, sorry, went the wrong way again. 11:10.000 --> 11:13.000 Here we're saying we're passing it through this function called switcher, 11:13.000 --> 11:16.000 which we've brought out here into switcher.ock, 11:16.000 --> 11:21.000 where two through six or seven is the same function. 11:22.000 --> 11:28.000 We're just going to, we've pulled it out and put it in a separate file. 11:28.000 --> 11:33.000 And so we'd say, goc-f, our second file, 11:33.000 --> 11:36.000 and we're including the switcher one that we've pulled out. 11:36.000 --> 11:39.000 And we can actually useock paths to say, 11:39.000 --> 11:43.000 actually, all of my library code is in this file, 11:43.000 --> 11:50.000 is in this directory called include, just use dash i switcher.ock in this case. 11:51.000 --> 11:56.000 So defaultock path is, you know, user local shareock. 11:56.000 --> 12:03.000 And, you know, the filter has me here at the time. 12:03.000 --> 12:08.000 So it, you search everything there, you can write a library 12:08.000 --> 12:11.000 and actually just stick it there and reference it from other things. 12:11.000 --> 12:19.000 And, you get, you know, 12:19.000 --> 12:22.000 and, you know, it can get switch based on the prefix, 12:22.000 --> 12:24.000 as how you've compiled gawk. 12:24.000 --> 12:29.000 The other one that's different specific to gawk is oclib path, 12:29.000 --> 12:35.000 where you have user local lib gawk instead of user local shareock. 12:35.000 --> 12:39.000 And so these ones are actually compiled files, 12:39.000 --> 12:42.000 and they are loaded instead of included. 12:42.000 --> 12:45.000 So difference here would be, 12:46.000 --> 12:49.000 so here, very similar to the previous one, 12:49.000 --> 12:52.000 except here online three, we have outload switcher, 12:52.000 --> 12:54.000 which is a library that I've written for this, 12:54.000 --> 12:57.000 and we're doing the same output equals output, 12:57.000 --> 13:00.000 c switcher, my input i. 13:00.000 --> 13:05.000 And so, beginning we have, according to gawkapi.h, 13:05.000 --> 13:08.000 just a series of includes, 13:08.000 --> 13:12.000 because it includes literally nothing just in case, 13:12.000 --> 13:17.000 you're using an old system that doesn't have any of those. 13:17.000 --> 13:20.000 And so, you know, I've just put in the notes, 13:20.000 --> 13:22.000 beginning of header end of header, 13:22.000 --> 13:25.000 because of how it works, so we've gone into clear the functions 13:25.000 --> 13:27.000 that I was going to make. 13:27.000 --> 13:31.000 And then, here's the bottom part of the file, 13:31.000 --> 13:33.000 it registers it, 13:33.000 --> 13:38.000 and there's no initialization required when running the function. 13:38.000 --> 13:43.000 It adds switcher to the function table. 13:43.000 --> 13:47.000 And then in terms of actually switching the things, 13:47.000 --> 13:51.000 this one actually ended up running into all sorts of issues 13:51.000 --> 13:53.000 and then to being, you know, 13:53.000 --> 13:55.000 where I said, see, actually it turns out, 13:55.000 --> 13:58.000 isn't my happy place. 13:58.000 --> 14:01.000 So yeah, so it really just, I mean, 14:01.000 --> 14:04.000 there is the two upper two lower and ways to compare, 14:04.000 --> 14:06.000 but I ended up doing it this way. 14:06.000 --> 14:11.000 So, so the main part here is, 14:11.000 --> 14:13.000 you know, other than here on 23, 14:13.000 --> 14:16.000 where we have the defining the function, 14:16.000 --> 14:18.000 we have our actual, we're getting our argument, 14:18.000 --> 14:20.000 which is an ox string, 14:20.000 --> 14:23.000 and we're extracting the first letter 14:23.000 --> 14:25.000 because we know we're passing it letter by letter 14:25.000 --> 14:27.000 and we're using K and RC, 14:27.000 --> 14:29.000 so we can literally do whatever we want. 14:29.000 --> 14:31.000 So we're just going to ignore that it's a string, 14:31.000 --> 14:33.000 pretend it's a character array, 14:34.000 --> 14:36.000 and grab our letter, 14:36.000 --> 14:39.000 and then we're going to test it out. 14:40.000 --> 14:44.000 I had some magical thing I ran into 14:44.000 --> 14:46.000 that I couldn't get to work, 14:46.000 --> 14:50.000 so I recreated a ox string 14:50.000 --> 14:54.000 and stuck my letter back in the magic spot 14:54.000 --> 14:56.000 where I said it was going to be, 14:56.000 --> 15:00.000 and I ran in, 15:00.000 --> 15:04.000 suddenly it started working almost. 15:04.000 --> 15:07.000 So I got my ABCDE123 to switch, 15:07.000 --> 15:09.000 and then I ran it through again, 15:09.000 --> 15:12.000 and I have a double-free. 15:12.000 --> 15:16.000 So, I'd love to know where it was, 15:16.000 --> 15:20.000 I don't think I'm going to return to that code. 15:20.000 --> 15:23.000 That's 23ish, 24 lines, 15:23.000 --> 15:26.000 I've managed to make a double-free error, 15:26.000 --> 15:28.000 so lots of fun with that, 15:28.000 --> 15:32.000 but I mean, everything is in Gok API.H. 15:32.000 --> 15:33.000 When you install Gok, 15:33.000 --> 15:36.000 it includes the API header, 15:36.000 --> 15:40.000 and it tells you all of the things 15:40.000 --> 15:42.000 that you can get with it. 15:42.000 --> 15:44.000 This one was the ox string, 15:44.000 --> 15:47.000 it has a, has a string in the length. 15:47.000 --> 15:53.000 Number types are either doubles or MPFR. 15:53.000 --> 15:56.000 Number thing is, 15:57.000 --> 16:00.000 for the fancier math. 16:00.000 --> 16:03.000 All numbers are doubles, 16:03.000 --> 16:07.000 which becomes fun. 16:07.000 --> 16:10.000 This one was the loading the function. 16:10.000 --> 16:11.000 I'm going to skip that. 16:11.000 --> 16:13.000 Is it a number or a string? 16:13.000 --> 16:15.000 The answer is yes. 16:15.000 --> 16:17.000 It is a number and a string, 16:17.000 --> 16:22.000 and ox value is what ox works on, 16:22.000 --> 16:24.000 and you can see it is, 16:24.000 --> 16:27.000 I mean, you can declare what it is, 16:27.000 --> 16:30.000 but it's a string and a number and an array, 16:30.000 --> 16:34.000 and it can also be a scalar or a Boolean. 16:34.000 --> 16:36.000 It is all of them, 16:36.000 --> 16:39.000 depending on how you interact with it. 16:39.000 --> 16:45.000 Let's go and skip that part. 16:45.000 --> 16:50.000 There are some fun programs written in Gok TranslateShell. 16:50.000 --> 16:55.000 That checks uses curl to do translation in the terminal, 16:55.000 --> 16:59.000 and so it does, 16:59.000 --> 17:02.000 you know, a frame I think we have to still. 17:02.000 --> 17:03.000 Okay. 17:03.000 --> 17:04.000 We'll say check that out. 17:04.000 --> 17:05.000 Shepard run. 17:05.000 --> 17:08.000 I wrote and had lots of fun with that. 17:08.000 --> 17:10.000 So, yeah. 17:10.000 --> 17:13.000 Let me switch quickly to, 17:13.000 --> 17:18.000 You got it done, really. 17:19.000 --> 17:21.000 And there's Gok Explive, 17:21.000 --> 17:23.000 which I did not make a slide for, 17:23.000 --> 17:26.000 but here there's a collection of extensions 17:26.000 --> 17:31.000 for working with Postgres or with CSVs or with JSON, 17:31.000 --> 17:34.000 or Redis XML, everything, 17:34.000 --> 17:38.000 and people working together to actually create libraries 17:38.000 --> 17:40.000 to work with us, 17:40.000 --> 17:43.000 that work generally with the upload function. 17:43.000 --> 17:46.000 And you think, well, who would do this? 17:47.000 --> 17:48.000 Yeah. 17:48.000 --> 17:50.000 Go ahead, have fun. 17:50.000 --> 17:54.000 Look out for double-free hours. 17:54.000 --> 17:55.000 Awesome. 17:59.000 --> 18:01.000 He keeps all right.